Senate Republicans Oppose Equal Pay Bill - 1404 Words

Progress towards trying to make a change and pass a bill that will change the way women are looked upon in the workplace. In the article, Senate Republicans reject equal pay bill exemplifies how both men and women will be paid equally for the work both genders are accomplishing, however that reality is still not achieved â€Å"Unfortunately, Senate Republicans disagree,† she added. The bill, sponsored by Sen. Barbara A. Mikulski (D-Md.), had 52 sponsors, but Democrats were unable to persuade Republicans to vote for the legislation, which needed to clear a 60-vote threshold to open debate on the bill† Democratic party is in favor of equal rights, such as in equal pay in all sexes, however the Republican party is against the bill of equal pay because already the discrimination between sexes is illegal, but just because it is illegal doesn t mean that it is not commonly happening everyday. To achieve equality all parties have to be in favor of the change. Political parties are at times ignorant to what is happening and will go against movements that have been on the uproar just because they believe something isn t happening. Women have been denied equality for hundreds of years, yet in present day that inequality has been taught at a young age. Since my early years of education at Monte Vista Elementary School, I was always brought attention to for my clothing being provocative. How provocative could a child s clothing be? I wore a knee length school skirt and a white tucked inShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Senate Bill925 Words   |  4 Pages Not everyone like the superintendents are for Senate Bill 1. Some people oppose the bill because they do not like it. There are many reasons why people would vote for the bill along with many reasons that someone may oppose the bill too. But the ultimate goal of this bill is to â€Å"raise each one of Illinois’ 860-plus school districts to individual adequacy targets—or the amount of money needed to properly educate every student—through increased funding from the state† (Masterson). But gettingRead MoreThe Student Loan Debt F or The United States1554 Words   |  7 PagesDemocratic co-sponsors, and zero Republican co-sponsors. The bill was introduced to increase purchasing power to strengthen the economic recovery from the Financial Crisis of 2008, restore fairness in financing higher education in the United States through student loan forgiveness, set caps on interest rates at 3.4% on Federal student loans, provide refinancing opportunities for private borrowers, and achieve other purposes (112 Bill Profile H.R. 4170 (2011-2012), 2012). The bill was referred to the HouseRead MoreMidterm Elections : Midterm Election1665 Words   |  7 Pagesexceptions. For example, in the 1986 elections, President Reagan was convinced that Republicans would maintain a majority in the House of Representatives. However, voters overwhelmingly chose the Democrats who took control of the U.S. Senate. President Clinton had a similar experience in an election that was nicknamed the ‘Republican Revolution’ in whic h the Grand Old Party (GOP) took over most of the gubernatorial posts, the Senate and House of Representatives. In the last century, only three incumbent partiesRead MoreExplain the Factors Which Make It Difficult to Amend the Us Constitution740 Words   |  3 PagesQ. Explain the factors which make it difficult to amend the US Constitution (15 marks) To amend the US Constitution, a bill has to go through a two-stage process: proposal and ratification. The proposal stage has to have two thirds majority in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. Every successful amendment has started this way and even the failed ones. A proposal can also be made by a Constitutional convention, which is a one-off body which is put together for a specific purpose, andRead MoreFraming A New Government1689 Words   |  7 PagesConfederation and give it power to tax, but the VA Plan remained basis for discussion 6.) VA Plan supporters pleased the smaller states by making the upper house be elected by state legislatures, each state at least 1 representative 7.) Questions of equal representation in upper house, of slaves counted in states population but feared the slaves would be taxed if the states taxed based on population C.) Compromise 1.) In July, a grand committee established with Franklin as head, produced basis of theRead MorePresident Obama Hated On Friday Essay1119 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Obama hated on Friday what he called a Republican (series of actions to reach a goal) to deny voting rights to millions of Americans as he stepped up efforts to motivate and excite his political base heading into a competitive midterm campaign season. Appearing at the once-a-year convention of the Rev. Al Sharpton s National Action Network in Manhattan, Mr. Obama (charged with a crime) Republicans of trying to rig the elections by making it harder for older people, women, minoritiesRead MoreFurthermore, Reproductive Rights Cannot Be Discussed Without1698 Words   |  7 Pagesinsurance options, under this policy more women had access to healthcare or better healthcare due to the expansion of Medicaid. If more women have access to healthcare, that means their reproductive health is being taken care for as well, they are gaining equal and educational access to contraceptives, family planning, and the options available if they experience an unplanned pregnancy through their physicians. This country cannot protect reproductive rights without having an inclusive and affordable healthcareRead MoreThe Constitution And A Framework For Government Based On Broad Principles1620 Words   |  7 PagesLegislative Branch Section I Section II Section III Section IV Section V Congress holds the power for †¢ Legislative Powers †¢ The Senate †¢ House of Representatives The requirements to be in the House of Representatives are †¢ Need to be 25 years of age †¢ Every second year new members are chosen †¢ People of the state determine their representative Requirements for the Senate †¢ 2 Senators for every 1 state †¢ Need to be 30 Years of age †¢ When you reach your 9th year of being a senator, you can impeachRead MoreThe Labor Standards Act Of 1938 ( Flsa )1992 Words   |  8 Pagesand Hour Division†). A similar bill was introduced in 1989 called H.R.2 - Minimum Wage Restoration Act of 1989 (Library of Congress, 2015, â€Å"H.R.2 - Minimum Wage Restoration Act of 1989†). This bill proposed that the minimum wage should be set annually by reviewing â€Å"current economic data on wages, prices, and other economic indicators and determine how the minimum wage rate should be adjusted† (U.S. Department of Labor, 2015, â€Å"Wage and Hour Division†). This bill was never passed. There have beenRead MoreThe Equal Rights Amendment Proposition2110 Words   |  9 PagesThe Equal Rights Amendment proposition to the United States Constitution was sent down to the state level in 1972, but was met by an organized opposition of religious conservative women trying to save the country and the family home from the secularizing transition to modernity. The ERA embodied all the fears of the conservative woman. Since statehood there has been a strong cultural division based on gender in Oklahoma. A comprehensive Legislative Council study, in 1972 and revised in 1976, covering

Torture and Public Policy - 907 Words

Summary ‘Torture and public policy’ said about story of brutal torture which arouse in Abu Ghraib. Brutal torture was outcome of chain of actions. Although upper officer did not intend make it occur. This is chronological order which bring about brutal torture. 1. President Bush and Secretary Rumsfeld decided, against the advice of some professional military officers, to limi the number of troops sen to Iraq. 2. President Bush decided that the Geneva Conventions did not apply to al Qaeda. 3. Assistant Attorney General Bybee defined torture narrowly and argued that the commander-in-chief power negated the law against torture. 4. Secretary Rumsfeld expanded the range of†¦show more content†¦Public should be interested in administration and policy. In these days turnout degradation prevailed. This makes incentive to work hard and reflect public interest for administrator and parliament weak. So we have to be concerned which interest was secured and not secured. If we react sensitively to administration and policy, they have to listen to public interest. Consequently securing the public interest turns on public not administration and parliament. 4. In the pfiffner case, list the central factors that you found led to its tragedy. Rank those you see as most important. Which ones were least important? What criteria did you use to rank order these factors? All factors affecting this tragedy have some shares. Because there are no one who will anticipate and plan this tragedy. It is just series of work and mingled decision making. Various mingled factors make unsuspected outcomes. So it is difficult to rate who is most responsible. But I think Bush who has most powerful right to decide should have been careful. Because his decision spread out from top of administration to bottom of administration. Furthermore, if there are some inapparent decision from top of administration, bottom of administration has to interpret arbitrarily, which can makes unsuspected outcomes. 5. Given your list, does it differ from Friedrich’s and Finer’s prescriptions for achieving the administrativeShow MoreRelatedTorture and Public Policy1586 Words   |  7 PagesTorture and Public Policy Kevin Huckabee Stephen F. Austin State University Prepared for: PBA-500 Survey of Public Administration Abstract The subsequent case study, prepared by James P. Pfiffner, Torture and Public Policy, (2010) analyzes the torture and abuse of war prisoners by United States military personnel in Abu Ghraib, Iraq, and Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, following photographs of the abuse spread around the world in the fall of 2003. Pfiffner points out that the United States Military, SecretaryRead MoreHow Do Foreign Affairs During Vietnam Justify Public Or Private Tactical Behavior?1633 Words   |  7 Pagesdegree is torture valuable? How do foreign affairs in Vietnam justify public or private tactical behavior. T.S. Eliot: â€Å"There is no such thing as a Lost Cause, because there is no such thing as a Gained Cause.† Growth and power come paired with conflict and danger. The United States must use interrogation to ensure the safety of its citizens. A history of torture to get information is prominent between many nations, however the use of such interrogation is often kept private from the public. NaturallyRead MoreThe Legacy Of Ford s Policies1682 Words   |  7 PagesBut Ford’s policies also had some larger, positive effects. â€Å"Mass production soon moved ... to all phases of American industry and set a pattern of abundance for 20th century living. ... [and] helped America’s 20th century middle class take off.† (Cwiek, 2014). As explained in the film â€Å"Henry Ford,† with Ford’s cheaper, reliable cars also came greater mobility, which liberated Americans with a sense of control over their destinies and hopes for new possibilities. (Colt, 20 13). Automobile industrializationRead MorePersuasive Essay On Torture929 Words   |  4 Pages The practice of torture by United States officials has become one of the most controversial elements of military history. The debate of its use in gathering intelligence has been particularly prevalent since the Bush administration. Most recently, a detailed and graphic scene of torture was presented in the movie Zero Dark Thirty. Proponents for the use of torture state that it is necessary for intelligence gathering and that ethics should be waved aside. Opponents argue that it is not becomingRead MoreThe Torture Myth, by Anne Applebaum 903 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"The Torture Myth,† Anne Applebaum explores the controversial topic of torture practices, focused primarily in The United States. The article was published on January 12, 2005, inspired by the dramatic increase of tensions between terrorist organizations and The United States. Applebaum explores three equality titillating concepts within the article. Applebaums questions the actual effectivenes s of using torture as a means of obtaining valuable information in urgent times. ApplebaumRead MoreTorture Allowed in the United States1408 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar incidents. Torture can be used to prevent these terrible incidents and save the lives of many people. Torture in the United States has been a debatable subject for many years now but after resent tragedies, the idea of torture of many American citizens has changed. It has also been debated over more after the attacks on September 9, 2001 than any other time in American history. Many fight the legalization of torture for moral and civil reasons but the truth is that torture is a lesser evilRead MoreRussia And The Ukrainian Government1671 Words   |  7 PagesIn war-torn eastern Ukraine, both the Ukrainian government and the separatists acting on behalf of Russia violate the human rights established in the Convention Against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.Ukraine has been a nat ion in crisis since 2013, when then-president Viktor Yanukovych refused to sign an association agreement with the European Union that had been in the works for years, instead choosing to strengthen ties with Russia. This led to a politicalRead MoreThe Truth about Torture and Enhanced Interrogations1577 Words   |  7 PagesThe Truth about Torture and Enhanced Interrogations Beaten, broken, burned, bruised, tortured. Torture is defined as a â€Å"deliberate, systematic, or wanton infliction of physical and mental suffering by one or more persons acting alone or on the orders of an authority to force another person to yield information, make a confession, etc† (Torture). Throughout history, torture has been used for extreme punishment or unreasonably hateful oppression but more recently torture has been used to force theRead MoreWheel of torture1724 Words   |  7 PagesWHEEL OF TORTURE Ten (10) Philippine National Police officers have been discharged after revelations that they played a game called â€Å"wheel of torture† at a secret detention facility. The Commission on Human Rights is looking into the supposed maltreatment of up to 41 detainees in the Philippine National Police facility in Bià ±an, Laguna. The facility is a 200-square-meter bungalow being rented by the Laguna police intelligence branch first district unit composed of 12 staffs. At the kitchen areaRead MoreTorture and National Security: A Moral Question Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagesaddresses these questions, there seems to be room for expansion with a type of gray area subject. The text that I recommend for inclusion into the Calling and Leadership 102 curriculum is an 1978 entry into the Philosophy and Public Affairs journal simply entitled, Torture, written by Henry Shue, a Senior Research Fellow and Professor of Politics and International Relations at Oxford University. If included in the curriculum, it would be in the Section 3b, which asks if disobedience or violence

Business culture of the host country-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Disucss about the Cultural analysis of the host country of your Choice. Answer: Introduction: Japan is considered to be one of the sovereign island nations which is located in the eastern part of Asia. It is present in the Pacific Ocean. It mainly lies from the coast which is on the eastern part of the mainland of Asia. It can be seen to stretch from the Sea of Okhotsk in the northern part mainly to that of the East China Sea as well as China in the southwest region (Wilkis Wright, 2016). It is interesting to know that the country mainly comprises of 6852 islands of which the four main are the Shikoku, Kyushu, Honshu as well as the Hokkaido. These four islands mainly make up about 97% of the Japans land area and are mainly called the home islands. The industrial sectors of Japan have made the nation, one of the earliest in Asia to make its name in the economic sectors. A glorious history is associated with the industrial sectors of Japan. When the Meiji restoration period took place in the middle of the nineteenth century, the government of Japan had actively pursued western style of reform as well as development (Honma Hu, 2014). At that time, they had hired 3000 Westerners to teach the new employees about the modern science as well as mathematics and technology in Japan. From that time onwards, Japan had never looked back in the business sector and in the sectors of industrialization. Thorough researches over the period show that the government during that period helped in the formation of industries. This was done by efficiently helping the public sector to be properly equipped with powerful infrastructural changes. This is mainly done to help the private sector to grow (Ito, Kaneta Sundsterm, 2016). It is very interestin g to see how Japan had shown the spirit of recovering back after the devastation caused to their country by the Second World War. The time period of 1960 and 1980 has been described by researchers to be an economic miracle. MITI also called the Ministry of the International Trade established in the year 1949 was highly instrumental in the countrys post war recovery of the economic condition. Numerous policies were implemented that had led to the heavy industrial growth in Japan. It had a strong impact on the economical condition of Japan than in comparison to any other governmental regulation of the world. Such an impressive fact of the nation makes it necessary to choose it as one of the most influential power in business. They had showed the strength of overcoming the economic turmoil of the nation and had successfully crossed all hurdles in establishing it as a successful industrialized country in the world (Jakovljevic, Nakazano Ogura, 2014). This interesting fact makes Japan a n obvious choice for the assignment. In 2012, industrial sector was responsible for about 27.5 percent of the Japans GDP. Some of the most important industries of the nation have included the motor vehicles, machine tools, electronic equipments as well as steel and non-ferrous metals. Besides, ships, chemicals, textiles as well as processed food had formed some of the biggest sectors of the country. In spite of the historical significance of the manufacturing in the Japanese section, services still make the dominant component of the economy (Fujita, 2013). It contributes for about 71.4% of the GDP in the present decade; some of the major services include banking, insurance, retaining, telecommunications as well as transportations. Some of the interesting factors that always attract any business professional towards working with Japan is that it had become the largest electronic manufacture in many prominent countries like Sony, Casio, Mitsubishi Electric, Panasonic, Canon, Fujitsu, Nikon, Yamaha etc. Not only that, the nations automobile industry is the second largest producer of vehicle in the venture world after the nation of china. Although second in line, they are the most valuable and technologically advanced industry in the world in the sector (Sugimoto Swain, 2016). In spite of the disaster caused to the nation over the year by wars, tsunamis and other natural and manmade calamities, they have always returned with huge promises and success. All these, make choosing this nation of Japan apt for the assignment. Cultural analysis of the host country: Japanese culture is diverse as well as rich. This nation comes to peoples mind for their traditional arts as well as contemporary pop culture. Very wonderful sights that can be seen on the roads of Japan are the beautiful kimono wore ladies who are shuffling down the streets with the wonderful umbrellas overhead. Another important culture which is widely known by people all over the world is the oversized sumo wrestlers battling within their rings providing an entertaining sight to the visitors. Statistical data has seen that foreigners get highly impressed by the sophisticated cuisine of the Japanese (Bargiela et al., 2013). Their unique social customs and refined performing and visual arts are famous all over the world and provide them a high respectable position in the list of impactful countries in terms of cultural efficiency. The families are like other families of different nations where the women have the responsibility to provide education and manage the finances at home whi le the fathers work late. They have customs of having dinner together except in cases where the male members come late. With modernization, woman are also engaging themselves in professional duties and managing both home and work together (Pye Verbla, 2015). Japan has been seen to harbor a culture of strong family solidarity where the Japanese prefer highly homogenous society. Their society mainly believes on the concept of collectivism where harmony of the entire group is paid more importance. The society takes precedence over the wants of the individual. The society is mainly vertically structured. They have high beliefs for the respect of the higher authorities in a way of not only the states but also the employer and the family. If one wants to ponder over the race and ethnicity of the nation, it can be seen that the population of the Japan mainly comprising of about 98.5% Japanese and 0.5% of Koreans. Chinese mainly comprises of about 0.4% and all other races and ethnicities represent about 0.6%. A thorough cultural analysis helps in looking over five important subcultures. The first sub culture is called the Gyaru or the Gal culture which the Japanese believe are the Western beauty standards such as the tanned skin, revealing cloth ing, blonde hair and also possessing of outgoing personality. Another subculture is seen called the Bosozoku/Hashiriya which mainly involve the car and motorcycle enthusiasts particularly in regards to the street racing as well as illegal modifications (Ferrado Briody, 2017). Another subculture is the Hikimori who are young people who are mainly seen to withdraw from their active life outside their homes. Then there is the Otaku who are obsessive enthusiasts of particular hobby which does not necessarily have to be anime. Another is the Visual Kei which refers to musicians who dress themselves in very elaborate as well as artistic styles. Coming to Japanese aesthetics, 7 important aesthetics are followed by the Japanese people. These are the simplicity or elimination of clutter called Kanso. Here, they believe in omitting or excluding any non essential elements in the light of visualizing things which are plain, simple and of natural manner. The second one is the asymmetry and irre gularity called the Fukensei which mainly is based on the strength of being able to control balance. The next is the naturaleness called the Shizen which implies unforced creativity an also absence of anything which is not original (Shiveli et al., 2015). The fourth one is subtlety called the Yugen where they believe in suggestion rather than revelation. The fifth one is the breaking of routine called the Datsuzoku where they believe in freedom from habit or formula. The others are stillness and tranquility called the Seijaky meaning feeling energized calm and solitude. The last important aesthetic is the austerity called the Shibui or shibumi where it states every individual to be beautiful by being understated being precisely what it is meant to be. In case of diet, meat was not allowed until 1868 but now Japanese diets contain meat where rice, fish and vegetables form an integral part of their food system. They also make some of the bet pastries outside France. Some of the vegeta rian options include Natto, Udon, Soba, Mountain Vegetable Soup, and Tofu Steak. Clothing also varies here many Japanese prefer weaning traditional clothing and some western forms of clothing. One unique recreational activity done by them besides the common leisure activities is karaoke. It has spread to other countries as well from here (Tsu Tollefson, 2017). Language holds large significance for them where they prefer speaking their own language in comparison to other languages of the world. Business culture of the host country: The Japanese business system is quite complex and is a developed society. They have an equally established set of business standards. Any business professional travelling from the other countries with an aim to perform business needs to be well acquainted with the intricate business etiquette of the Japanese so that they can be successful. Researchers are of the opinion that the Japanese business etiquettes are so vast in number that individual may even need one face to face year to master all of them. One of the most important trends noticed among the Japanese organizations is that they hire people with the mindset that they will work for them throughout their life (Rimer, 2014). They believe in relationship oriented understanding and prefer to take employees who will remain with the company for the rest of his or her working life. The Japanese professionals also gives good number of scopes to any foreigner going there for work as they believe in relationship development. For cultiv ating good relationship, the Japanese also go for social activities after work usually in group setting. A foreigner trying to search for work there should first provide importance to relationship building and should therefore leave no scope which gives them the opportunity to build trust. During meeting, certain etiquettes are followed. The Japanese are forgiving to people who do not have knowledge about their customs provided that they are genuinely not knowledgeable about their cultures (Collins, 2017). They do not take arrogance from foreigners during meetings. Foreigner should honor the Japanese traditions on meeting which includes bowing before shaking of hands. Malaysia mainly sees the men shaking hands. However Chinese people in Malaysia may bow down their heads before shaking hands. Many women unlike the Japanese women may not prefer handshakes with males so the males should wait for the women to raise their hands first for shaking hands. The Japanese sitting positions are very important as they believe that they are indicator of status. The highest ranking person will sit at the head of the table furthest away from the door. A foreigner has to wait before sitting of the high rank officials and cannot sit down at the first. Another important aspect of the Japanese business culture is the Japanese business card etiquette. Exchanging the business cards is one of the most important protocols in the Japanese business culture regardless of any occasion. It is considered to be one of the most important parts of formal introduction. Executives cannot start business until this procedure is complete (Hsu, Woodside Marshall, 2013). Similarly, Malaysias also maintain similar etiquette. While handing the card, Malaysians make sure that their name is present upwards. They prefer the opposite person to read the card before putting it in the pocket. Dress code also has a high value in the society of Japan. Japanese professional always dress formally in their organi zation and their dresses reflect their social as well as corporate status. The attire needs to be of decent quality with proper dark colors and should look classy. Women need to minimize their accessories and short skirts; heels and similar apparels need to be avoided. While speaking, one should be of calm nature as it is not acceptable to raise the voice or speak in a loud tone. Excessive hand gestures and pointing to someone while speaking are considered informal. Decision making is mainly considered here as a group effort and usually takes place from the bottom up. Consistent follow up is maintained in the organization as the decision making is very slow in organizations (Minkov et al., 2017). In Malaysia, decisions are mainly taken from the top as hierarchical structure with power to the higher officials is followed in the nation. Another interesting feature is that giving gift in business organizations is very important and the packaging of the gift is very important as the gif t itself in Japan. However in Malaysia, taking and giving gifts are not encouraged as they are considered as bribes. However, if they take, they have to take it with both hands. The Japanese executive normally bows among themselves while greeting but when they deal with foreigners, they shake their hands. However they are fond of foreign delegates giving a slight bow before shaking hands. A legal contract is also essential to meet legal tax, customs as well as accounting requirements. Japanese mainly believe that silence is golden and therefore silence speaks loudly about wisdom and emotional self control. They believe "The duck that quacks is the first to get shot." Group solidarity is preferred over individualism. They follow a slower procedure of business handling and therefore if any foreign delegates try to replace them with high pressure, confrontational approach, it does not work (Shortall Kharrazi et al. 2017). A gentler, persuasive presentation mainly helps in showcasing t he virtues of what one is proposing. Privacy is also valued here. Hofstedes 5 cultural dimensions analysis: Individualism vs. collectivism Individualism can be described as the attribute where it defines the degree by which members of the society or the organization are independent on each other. In individualistic societies, people are expected to look after themselves only and after their direct families. In collectivist societies, people are seen to belong to in groups where the members take care for each other by exchanging loyalty. Malaysia has a poor score of 26 in individualism. This means they are strong in collectivist activities. Their society and organization foster strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility. Employee and employer relationship is taken in moral terms where hiring and promotion takes account of an individual in group activities. Japan score 46 in individualism Japanese show a mixed kind of reactions. Their societies show many of the characteristic of a collectivist society like putting harmony of group abide individual opinions. However, they are not as collectivist as other Asia n countries (Yang et al., 2016). They are found to more private and reserved than other Asian countries. Therefore they are considered collectivism on western culture and individualistic on Asian standards. Power distance: Distance can be defined as the extent which determines about how the less powerful members of the institutions as well as different organizations within a particular company can expect as well as accept the concept of power being distributed equally. Malaysia is seen to score very high on this dimension which means that people accept the concept of hierarchal power. Hierarchy in these organizations mainly portrays the inherent inequalities where centralization of power is seen, leaders are benevolent autocrats and subordinates are told what to do. Therefore they score a perfect 100 out of total score of 100. Japan on the other hand has marks of 54. Although Japanese are conscious about their hierarchical position they are not as strict as other Asian culture. The main reason for their slow decision making is that in Japanese organizations, there is not only one top executive (Yang et al., 2016). The decisions are confirmed by each hierarchical layer and then by the top management. Re searchers suggest that the power distance is not so high because Japan has a meritocratic society. Uncertainty avoidance: Japan has a rate of 92 in this attribute. It is the attribute by which the organization deals with fact that future can never be known and therefore initiatives to be taken to be always prepared for any uncertain events. Japan is constantly threatened with natural disaster like earthquakes, typhoons, volcanoes and others. They put a lot of effort into feasibility studies and all the risk factors are properly assessed before starting of projects. Managers ask for details and figures and also look over the avoiding of losses due to uncertainty before proceeding with new projects. Malaysia is poor in this attribute by scoring 36 showing a low preference in avoiding uncertainty as societies remain more relaxed and feels there is no more need of rules until required. Achievement vs. nurturing Achievement can be described as the attribute of masculinity. Achieving better score in this factor means that the organization would be driven not only by competition but also by achievement and success. A low score on feminine trait means that dominant values of the organization are caring for the employees and quality of life. It mainly means that whether people want to be best (masculine) or like doing what they want to do (Feminine). Japan has a masculine score for 95. Although they practice mild collectivism, severe competition between groups is also seen. Employees remain motivated for fighting in a winning team against their competitors. They drive for excellence and perfection in their practices. Malaysia has a score of 50 showing both the attributes in balanced manner (Schutte Ciarlante, 2016). Long term orientation This is the attribute which shows how every society has to maintain some links not only with its own past at the same time of dealing with the challenges of the present and future. Malaysia scores 41 which mean Malaysia has normative culture. They have high concern with the establishment of the truth. They are normative in their thinking exhibiting greater respect for traditions (Taylor Okazaki, 2015). They focus on achieving quick results and exhibit great respect for traditions and small propensity for saving for the future. Japan scores high on this with marks 88. Japan shows long term orientation in costly higher rate of investment even in economically difficult times and higher own capital rate. They set priority to steady growth of market share instead of quarterly profit. They believe serving stakeholders for longer generations and not to make money every quarter for the shareholders. Source: (Yang et al., 2016) Conclusion: Japan is one of the leading nation of the world who has garnered huge respect for their industrialization and manufacturing of products. They have been the leading nation in electronic industry and also ranking second in automobile industry. Huge number of calamities, manmade attacks and others has not been able to restrict them in business. They had overcome all barriers and emerged as successful nation in business industry. They have different cultural styles starting from their aesthetics to that of their clothing, family beliefs, social structures, arts and crafts, and many others. They have a different business culture which also needs to be maintained. Moreover they have moderate power distance and individualism in their corporate culture. They show high achievement drive, high long term orientation and high uncertainty avoidance. All these need to be known properly before an individual or an organization wants to establish proper relationship with Japanese organizations. References: Bargiela-Chiappini, F., Nickerson, C., Planken, B. (2013). What is business discourse?. InBusiness Discourse(pp. 3-44). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Collins, J. (2017).Turning Goals into Results (Harvard Business Review Classics): The Power of Catalytic Mechanisms. Harvard Business Review Press. Ferraro, G. P., Briody, E. K. (2017).The cultural dimension of global business. Taylor Francis. Fujita, M. (2013).Exploring the sources of China's challenge to Japan: models of industrial organisation in the motorcycle industry(No. 419). Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO). Honma, S., Hu, J. L. (2014). Industry-level total-factor energy efficiency in developed countries: A Japan-centered analysis.Applied Energy,119, 67-78. Hsu, S. Y., Woodside, A. G., Marshall, R. (2013). Critical tests of multiple theories of cultures consequences: Comparing the usefulness of models by Hofstede, Inglehart and Baker, Schwartz, Steenkamp, as well as GDP and distance for explaining overseas tourism behavior.Journal of Travel Research,52(6), 679-704. Ito, T., Kaneta, T., Sundstrom, S. (2016). Does university entrepreneurship work in Japan?: a comparison of industry-university research funding and technology transfer activities between the UK and Japan.Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,5(1), 8. Jakovljevic, M. B., Nakazono, S., Ogura, S. (2014). Contemporary generic market in Japankey conditions to successful evolution.Expert review of pharmacoeconomics outcomes research,14(2), 181-194. Minkov, M., Minkov, M., Dutt, P., Dutt, P., Schachner, M., Schachner, M., ... Jandosova, J. (2017). A revision of Hofstedes individualism-collectivism dimension: a new national index from a 56-country study.Cross Cultural Strategic Management,24(3), 386-404. Pye, L. W., Verba, S. (2015).Political culture and political development. Princeton University Press. Rimer, J. T. (Ed.). (2014).Culture and identity: Japanese intellectuals during the interwar years. Princeton university press. Schtte, H., Ciarlante, D. (2016).Consumer behaviour in Asia. Springer. Shively, D. H. (Ed.). (2015).Tradition and modernization in Japanese culture. Princeton University Press. Shortall, R., Kharrazi, A. (2017). Cultural factors of sustainable energy development: A case study of geothermal energy in Iceland and Japan.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,79, 101-109. Sugimoto, M., Swain, D. L. (2016).Science and culture in traditional Japan. Tuttle Publishing. Taylor, C. R., Okazaki, S. (2015). Do global brands use similar executional styles across cultures? A comparison of US and Japanese television advertising.Journal of Advertising,44(3), 276-288. Tsui, A. B., Tollefson, J. W. (Eds.). (2017).Language policy, culture, and identity in Asian contexts. Routledge. Wilks, S., Wright, M. (Eds.). (2016).The promotion and regulation of industry in Japan. Springer. Yang, E., Burger, J., Peters, M., Cruz, B., Steinberg, H. (2016, January). CUSTOMER SERVICE MANAGEMENT HOFSTEDE'S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS IN AUSTRALIA, BRAZIL, CHINA, GERMANY, JAPAN, NORWAY, AND THE USA. InAllied Academies International Conference. Academy of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict. Proceedings(Vol. 21, No. 1, p. 62). Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc. Yang, G., Hsu, D., Haas, A., Steinberg, H. (2016, October). ENTREPRENEURIAL CUSTOMER SERVICE, CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, THE BIG 5 IN CHINA, GREECE, JAPAN, THE UNITED STATES. InAcademy of Entrepreneurship(p. 23)

The issue of racial prejudice

Table of Contents Importance of race in the play Cultural treatment of foreigners The cultural context of Othello Works Cited The play of Othello has been one closely bound up with the question of race and racism. It is the underlying issue of racial prejudice in Venetian society that influences Iago’s plot against Othello, a prejudice both Othello and Desdemona are much aware of its existence. Desdemona denies prejudice in her own life. Her focus is only her love, of which she is loyal in preserving. However, Othello is not aware of how deep the issue of Elizabethan prejudice has conquered his own personality. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The issue of racial prejudice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Prejudice makes Othello undermine himself by saying â€Å"I am not attractive†. â€Å"I am not worthy of Desdemona†. â€Å"It cannot be true that she really loves me,† an d â€Å"If she loves me, then there must be something wrong with her† (Shakespeare 72). Such thoughts prevent Othello from discussing the matter with Desdemona, so he acts with the panicked assumptions under the influence of Iago’s lies and hints. Surviving the Elizabethan’s prejudice requires Othello to be near perfect in strength and knowledge. For instance, Iago explicitly refers to Othello with a vulgar prejudice by asserting that â€Å"These Moors are changeable in their wills†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Shakespeare 30). We cannot ignore this assertion Iago makes about Othello. This vulgar prejudice against Othello is what readers can sustain as the truth about racial prejudice during Elizabethan period (Graham 23). Other critics consider Othello as one of the finest achievements of Shakespeare, but also as one of the most scandalous plays causing discomfort to both readers and viewers. Some critics argue that Shakespeare made a mistake by making a â€Å"Moor† his central character because only white characters could be tragic heroes. Others argue that Shakespeare was only expressing the values of Elizabethans regarding race issue, which he thought was an offensive portrayal of black people during his times. At the same time, other critics believe that Shakespeare was deliberately exposing the issue of racial prejudice of his fellow countrymen by representing a black tragic hero. Shakespeare’s characters are among the racist in Elizabethan period. They frequently use the word â€Å"black† to refer to Othello. For instance, Iago compares Othello to â€Å"an old black ram† (Shakespeare 5). This portrays the perceptions of Elizabethans toward black race. Elizabethans see black people as animals that do not possess human civility, but animalistic instincts. Brabanzio prejudices against black race due to their skin color. Consequently, he is unable to trust his own daughter’s association with Othello because it go es against his opinion concerning foreign race. Brabanzio reasserts his prejudice judgment by using the word â€Å"fear† to reflect his idea about blacks i.e. blacks are savage and uncivilized persons. Brabanzio goes further to substitute Othello’s dignity by referring to him as a â€Å"thing†. Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the same time, Desdemona must justify why she must marry a â€Å"Moor†. The white society does not accept racial marriages. When Desdemona asserts that she saw Othello in her mind, it means that she must rationalize and validate her love to Othello in her mind and not her heart. Iago tells Othello that Desdemona as his wife is so unnatural to the point that she refused â€Å"many proposed matches †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Of her own clime, complexion, and degree† (Shakespeare 70). ago uses these descriptions on Othel lo to invoke a sense of fear, evil, savageness and racial inferiority of the blacks. The culture of the whites portrays black race as degenerated and uncivilized. Othello must act within the limits of a racist society to deal with the alleged infidelity of Desdemona (Adelman 45). The Elizabethan definitions and identity of the â€Å"Moor† varied. They used the term to refer to blacks or someone outside their race. Therefore, any other race outside the white’s society was insignificant. Iago vulgarly refers to Othello as a â€Å"Barbary horse†. Elizabethans used the term â€Å"black† in reference to â€Å"Moor†, black or any other person with Arabic origins. Iago refers to Othello with derogative terms because of his skin pigmentation and his growing love and desire for a white woman. We can conclude that racial prejudice rotates around racial sexual union of Othello and Desdemona. Characters consider Othello as honorable and admirable person. Howe ver, Iago mixes sexual and race issues so as to find ways of attacking Othello from all sides. Therefore, Elizabethans use black’s physical features to define Othello’s identity. Importance of race in the play Racial prejudice marks the watershed in this play. The significance of Othello’s race and pigmentation work hard to expose racial prejudice in the Elizabethan era. This forces the audience not to see Othello as a stereotyped Moor, but as a tragic hero. The tragic event perpetuated by Iago transform Othello into what Iago wants him to be. This makes the play creates some discomfort among white audience. Shakespeare links race, prejudice and sex issues in order to create a web of tragedies. The play exposes the whites’ fear of miscegenation and mingling of races through Othello. Shakespeare is using the Moor to challenge the ideologies of race, sex and miscegenation in the Elizabethan period. The play stirs the audience sympathy through representation of the love of a white woman for a black man (Hadfield 30). Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The issue of racial prejudice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was a taboo during the Elizabethan era with the fear of mixed-race offspring. A suitable scenario comes out through Roderigo when he tells Desdemona’s father that, â€Å"you’ll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse, you’ll have your nephews neigh to you† (Shakespeare 29). Cultural treatment of foreigners The descriptions other characters use in reference to Othello lead the audience to believe that Elizabethan people treated foreigners with a difference. Other characters use a number of culturally stereotyped names to refer to Othello. For instance, Emilia refers to Othello as the â€Å"Moor† by saying â€Å"The Moor’s abus’d by some outrageous knave†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ And made you to suspe ct me with the Moor† (Shakespeare 30). Such references make the readers conceive the story as one filled with stereotyped treatment of the Negros during Shakespeare’s period. The racist descriptions permeate the play throughout as evident in Roderigo and Iago. However, as Shakespeare develops his character, Othello, we realize that some characters around him treat him as an equal. Othello has a rich history of ancestry. We must see Othello as a Negro, but as a high and courteous Moorish chief. In other words, Shakespeare counteracts the Moorish references by developing the traits of Othello so that readers may forget his skin color. Later, Shakespeare presents Othello as a civilized, master of language, respected and above all, capable of passion beyond race. As the play closes, we realize that it is not all about race, but a story of a tragic character who commits a tragic act of murder. It is critical to note that the play starts in darkness. Strangely, the characte rs do not use Othello’s name in reference to him. Readers can only guess who could be â€Å"the black ram† through the terms other characters use in reference to Othello. The reference to the terms Moor, thick lips and a Barbary horse equate Othello to an animal. Roderigo sees the union between Othello and Desdemona as an act which will only results into a creation of a â€Å"beast with two backs† (Shakespeare, 29). We know that horses have wide lips, and by saying that the grandson will be a half-horse because of the â€Å"animal blood† in Othello is an extreme act of sex and racial prejudice cultural treatment of foreigners. Readers only have hints of Othello through references to animals Roderigo and Iago make. We can draw a conclusion between the Moor and animals. Roderigo and Iago make references to animals. They demonstrate that the Moors lack civility, and are half-human creatures that can only fit the definition of animals.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brabanzio experiences confusion at his daughter’s affair with the foreigner, the Moor. Thoughts and fear carry Brabanzio away to conclude that Othello is using the black magic and witches to lure Desdemona. It is equally fascinating to note that Brabanzio makes such remarks before even knowing the identity of Othello. He only relies on the descriptions Iago and Roderigo give Othello. The Elizabethans associated the dark and savage to black people’s magic. Since Othello is a â€Å"Moor†, Brabanzio laments, and wonders how Desdemona could have fallen in love with him â€Å"against all rules of nature† (Shakespeare 31). Brabanzio takes it to the extreme by wondering how his daughter could have fallen â€Å"in love with that she feared to look† (Shakespeare 31). This reference gives readers ideas how Shakespeare’s contemporaries treated foreigners. In other words, sexual union between blacks and whites was against the law of nature during the E lizabethan period (Sanders 66). Brabanzio uses some of the strongest remarks to define foreigners. Elizabethan considers different races that access the white’s society as pagans and bondslaves. For instance, Brabanzio asserts that â€Å"For if such actions may have passage free, bondslaves and pagans shall our statesmen be† (Shakespeare 32). Readers conclude that the Elizabethan did not recognize the existence of black men as true men. The whites regarded the Moors as bondslaves and pagans with no place in their white society. However, as Shakespeare continues to develop his tragic hero, Brabanzio changes his notion about Othello. Shakespeare presents the Moor as a refined character who speaks, acts and dresses as whites do. He also portrays the outstanding leadership qualities of Othello. Audiences begin to understand that Othello is no different from other white characters, except for the color of his skin. A part from Iago, Roderigo and other evil characters who characteristically refer to Othello as the Moor, the rest of the characters treats him with respect and call him the valiant Moor. This reference makes Othello’s race a significant part of him: a part which is rich in history and quite glorified. The cultural context of Othello When the play opens, it is hard for readers to imagine that the play will revolve around the issue of race. However, the cultural context of the tragic hero, Othello reveals that he does not compare to any racist terms other characters use to describe him. In order to erase the issue of race in a cultural context of his hero, Shakespeare cleverly develops his character to counteract the savagery and uncivilized terms racist characters use in reference to Othello. It is obvious that Othello does not fit any of the descriptions his enemies impose on him. For instance, when Othello advices his battalion to watch their swords reveals a deep personality of cultivated and intelligent man. Othello says â₠¬Å"Keep your bright swords, for the dew will rust them. Good signor you have more command with your years than with your weapons† (Shakespeare12). These lines draw the readers’ attention to the civility and gentleness of Othello. Readers wonder whether to judge Othello from the stereotyped and prejudiced point of view of Iago and Roderigo or use Othello’s words to judge him. Othello must prove himself as a truly civilized Moor before the white society. Some readers easily follow the assumptions Iago and Rederigo claim about Othello. Readers cannot judge Othello from the words of characters with ulterior motives. Iago and Roderigo lack credibility to provide substantial information regarding Othello. This makes his opinion insignificant to the reader since they are cruel and baseless. Shakespeare presents a tragic hero who is humble. Othello recognizes that he is different from other characters in terms of skin color and speech. Othello says that â€Å"Rude am I in speech†¦ And little blessed with the soft phrase of speech† (Shakespeare 13). This humble act of humility defines Othello’s character throughout the play. Othello recognizes that he is racially different from whites, but not racially mediocre character to them. Shakespeare asserts the fact that the â€Å"other race† can rise above whites and be their hero. The cultural context of Othello is one full of fascinating history. Othello woos a lover and friends alike with his rich cultural background and stories of heroism. They want to hear more and more of his fascinating tales. This creates a sense of admiration in Othello among some of his white admirers. It is this rich and exotic history of heroism which is lacking in whites’ society. The fascinating history makes the Duke to admit that his daughter would have fallen for such a story. Othello is using his cultural background to his advantage and never admits that his race is inferior to any. Thro ughout the play, comments of animal and savagery follow Othello. When Othello murders Desdemona, he uses the term base India to refer to himself. This barbarous act of brutality leaves the readers wondering whether Othello is a true civilized person or is an animal. This is the only instance where Othello puts is cultural orientation into a negative focus. The fundamental issue for readers to ponder is whether Othello is a beast or a civilized person. Readers wonder whether Iago and Roderigo have been right all along about the civility of Othello. Like most of Shakespeare’s tragic characters, we realize that Othello is man, regardless of race, trapped in a web of deceit and evil plots. Whether White or black, anybody is capable of murder, in a brutal manner, of course. Therefore, the issue of race inferiority is secondary to this play. Shakespeare demonstrates that racial prejudice has some of the most negative consequences, especially if people harbor ulterior motive agains t others. Works Cited Adelman, Janet. Iago’s alter ego: race as projection in Othello. New York: Routledge, 1997. Print. Graham, Bradshaw. Misrepresentations: Shakespeare and the Materialis. New York: Cornell University Press, 1993. Print. Hadfield, Andrew. A Routledge Literary Sourcebook on William Shakespeare’s Othello. New york: Routledge, 2003. Print. Sanders, Norman. Othello: The New Cambridge Shakespeare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. Print. Shakespeare, William. Shakespeare’s Othello: Cliff Notes. Chicago: IDG Books Worldwide, 2000. Print. This research paper on The issue of racial prejudice was written and submitted by user Kinsley Stone to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Big Secret to SAT Writing Strategies to Excel

The Big Secret to SAT Writing Strategies to Excel SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you've noticed that the SAT Writing section seems to be confusing, that's becauseit's intentionally designed to be that way. But we're going to let you in on something that the College Board doesn't want you to know: there area few key secrets that will help you understand this part of the SAT,and knowing them makes itmuch easier to crack.Read on to learn how to take this section of the SAT into your own hands. In this article, I am going to show you: How the SAT Writing tries to trick you with "normal"-sounding English How the SAT Writing testsunusual grammar and style rules that your English class may not have focused on The top concepts that the SAT Writing testover and over and over again Why this predictability matters and how to use it to your advantage Without further ado, let's dive into one of the number one ways the SAT Writing counts on making you mess up. Everyday English Is a Trap Did you know that the English you speak every day is probably grammatically incorrect?The College Board does,and in fact they were counting on that when they designed the SAT Writing.Each of the sentences below has at least one error. Can you spot them? Kim and me attended the civil rights conference that was held at school today. We discussed the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, debated different modern-day issues, and were talking about freedom of speech. We learned that if someone is different to you, you should respect them for who they are. The SATtests everyday incorrect English to see who knows what "sounds" right, and who actually knows the different grammar rules. There are two main strategies that the test writersuse to do this. The first is that they will give you a deceptively simple-looking sentence that sounds normal but actually has a tricky grammar error. The second is to give you a ridiculously convoluted sentence that hides a simple grammar mistake. They are testing you: can you see through their sentences to the grammatical structures underneath? Let's look at an example. Here is something I recently heard on a well-known televised cooking competition: She sliced the Wellington, and gave it to Nick and I to garnish. Though a lot of people talk this way,it's not correct. Why?"Nick and I" are both objects of the preposition "to", and therefore "I" should be in the objective case- "me". In colloquial English use, you will often hear peoplemisusing pronoun cases. This is one of the many "everyday English" mistakes that the SAT will throw at you. Not sure what a pronoun case is?There’s a guide for that. At other times, the SAT will hide simple grammatical errors in a very wordy sentence. Example The lamb is not properly cooked, and having to apologize to the guests for his mistakes are the most embarrassing thing about participating inHell's Kitchen. If the above sentence just read, "Having to apologize are the most embarrassing thing," most people would immediately spot the error. The SAT adds extra unnecessary phrases and clauses to make these simple error more difficult to spot. Good news! Now that you know the main way that the SAT Writing tries to trick you, you canuse it to your advantage. Remember that you cannot just use your ear to know if a sentence is correct or incorrect. (Unless you have an exceptionally-trained ear, of course! But most people who speak everyday English do not. Remember that the SAT cares about correct grammar over awkwardness.Just because a sentence is phrased very oddly doesn't mean it's incorrect. Look for the same things that you would look for in a more normal-sounding sentence (like subject-verb agreement, pronoun case, etc.) to see if it's grammatically correct. Remember, the SAT doesn't care if something is awkward. This is why it's so important to understand what the SAT thinks is grammatically correct, as opposed to what you think sounds good.Many of these grammar rules you will be familiar with, but other may come as a surprise to you, and that's because... SAT Writing Doesn't Always Test Normal Grammar Rules Some of the rules they test you on seem downright arbitrary, and, in fact, they are. In theory, you will have learned many of the more "normal" rules in your high school English class. As discussed above, though, this doesn't mean that these concepts will be covered in as straightforward a way as you are used to. Other times, however, you will need to learn the SAT's weird "grammar" rules, which mostly focus onstyle, and what the SAT thinks sounds correct!Don't be fooled by these just because they are not the same as what you have covered in class. Here are some of the top stylistic rules the SAT Writing favors: 1. Pronouns must have a clear antecedent. The antecedent is the noun that the pronoun is replacing. On the SAT, the antecedentmust actually be referenced in the same sentence, or a very nearby sentence in the case of Improving Paragraphs. If it not 100% clear - and spelled out - what the pronoun is referring to, it's incorrect in the SAT's eyes. Let's look at an example: Melissa hurried into the theater and tried to find her seat, relieved that it had not already started. Most people would have no trouble understanding this sentence. It's clear from the context that Melissa is relieved that whatever show she is seeing in the theater has not started yet. However, in the SAT's eyes, this sentence would beincorrectbecause we don't have an explicitly-stated antecedent for "it". According to the SAT, the only things that "it" could refer to are either "theater" or "seat" - and neither of those makes sense! 2. Always use "and" instead of other connecting words The SAT Writing also tests you on your ability to state something in themost straightforward and concise way.By their standards, "and" is the most straightforward way to join things together. So, if you see a sentence trying to replace "and" with another connecting word - such as "plus" or "as well as" - it is incorrect. Note that this does not apply to joining independent clauses together for compound sentences. OnlyFANBOYS conjunction can be usedfor that task. Let's look at an example: Amanda took one job in a restaurant plus one in a hotel. This would be consideredincorrect. Instead, try this: Amanda took one job in a restaurantand one in a hotel. 3. Only similar things can be compared We have a whole article on this topic if you want to go into it in more depth. The basic idea is that the SAT only wants you to compare two similar things. Obviously this has nothing to do with being grammatically correct English- it's just the SAT's preference. For example: John's car was newer than Jerry. Grammatically this makes perfect sense: Let's say that Jerry is 30 years old, but John's car is only 5 years old. However, in the SAT's eyes this is a mistake because a car and a person are too dissimilar to be compared. Let's look at another: Kim Kardashian was jealous because her selfies were not as popular as Khloe. Beware of selfie rage. Again, strictly from a grammar point of view, thisis a correct sentence. One might hope that a human being is more popular than a selfie. However, the SAT does not want you to compare Kim's selfies to Khloe; instead, it wants you to compare Kim's selfies to Khloe's selfies. This is how the sentence would look corrected: Kim Kardashian was jealous because her selfies were not as popular as Khloe's selfies. Now we are comparing selfies to selfies, which are two similar things, and therefore this comparison has the SAT's blessing. 4. Don't delete something unless it is redundant This doesn't come up too frequently, but occasionally an Identifying Errors question will give you something like this: As part of his annual payment, he receives a bonus every year. According to the SAT, this kind of redundancy is incorrect. This goes back to our rule of making everything concise as concise as possible - if you have already been told that something happens annually, you don't also need to be told that it happens every year! 5. Be careful ofusing "because" with nouns The SAT Writing will occasionally use two constructions with the word "because", and both of them are considered incorrect. The first is something that has become common slang recently:because + noun For example, to paraphrase a recent Carl's Jr. commercial, We made a disgusting hamburger with a hot dog on top of itbecause America. Better together? This, unfortunately, will never be correct. Similarly, occasionally the SAT will use the following incorrect construction:noun + is because of Let's look at an example: The drought in California is because of the lack of rain. So, how do you make sure you always catch these problems? Whenever you see the word "because", make sure that it is joiningtwo clauses. A clause is something that has both a subject and a verb. Alternately, "because of" can be used as a preposition with a noun object, but in that case make sure that the rest of the sentence makes sense on its own if you get rid of the prepositional phrase! To fix the above sentences, we would say: We made a disgusting hamburger with a hot dog on top of itbecausewe have misunderstood what America needs. Thereisadroughtin Californiabecausewe have had a lack of rain. OR Thereisadrought in Californiabecause of the lack of rain. 6. If more than one answer is grammatically correct, choose the most concise answer that has the fewest extra words. Many students mistakenly think that having more words makes a sentence sound more academic, but this is not the case. The SAT Writing will always be looking to see if you can spot the most direct and concise way of saying something. So when two or more answers are equally grammatically correct, go for the most concise answer. These six rules are important to know, along with the more basic grammar rules that you've learned in school. This is because.... The SAT likes to test the same thing - over and over and over again. Good news! Though the SAT does try to trick you in the ways we discussed above, it'sotherwisevery consistent and easy to predict.It really only focuses on a few different concepts, and will test you on those concepts repeatedly. The below graphs show SAT Writing’s favorite question types grammar rules to test. If you master those main concepts, you will be a step ahead in conquering this section. What does this tell you? Top secrets for Improving Sentences Around ⅙ of the time, the sentences will be correct as is. Many students are afraid to choose this option, or to choose it too often. If you finish this section and you haven’t had any (A) answers, you can assume you probably went wrong somewhere! Over half the questions will test the same four concepts: Wordiness, especially through gerunds, participles, and use of the passive voice. Ifyou see an answer choice that contains a lot of -ing or -ed words, and the same idea is expressed more succinctly and directly in another option, go for the other option. Fixing comma splices, run-ons, or incorrect conjunctions. Therefore, make sure that you understand how to use semicolons to connect two independent clauses instead of commas. Fixing dangling or misplaced modifiers.Whenever you see a clause or phrase describing something, make sure it's next to the thing it’s describing. Using correct parallel structure.If similar ideas can be expressed through similar language, do it! For more information on this, see our guide to parallel structure. What does this tell you? Top secrets for Identifying Errors About ⅙ of the time, the correct answer will be (E), No Error. These questions can occur back to back. Over 25% of the questions are all about verbs: either subject-verb agreement, or correct verb tense/form.Make sure to see our guide all about how verbs are used on the SAT Writing section, and you will be well on your way to understanding this section. One of the other most common mistakes is in pronoun-antecedent agreement.This topic is all about attention to detail - make sure you match up pronouns to what they refer to and check that plural pronouns match with plural nouns. Check out our guide to parts of speech for more info on when to use which pronoun. What does this tell you? Top secrets for Improving Paragraphs Most questions in this section are about how to improve sentences - meaning that you will use the exact same skills that you need for Improving Sentences questions. The other main question types in this section focus on context. In order to understand how to use transitions and where to add or delete info, you need to be able to understand how sentences are working in the paragraph as a whole.This skill is unique to this section of the Writing SAT.For more info about how to master this section, see our guide on how to approach Improving Paragraphs questions. Why does predictability matter? As you have just seen, the SAT writing sectionactually does not cover that many different topics, and very few concepts will be focused on in detail. This means that you canfocus your studying. Especially if you are aiming for a score around 500 - 600, you should focus on learning the most commonly-tested concepts.When you do this, you will soon start to notice that alot of the questions look similar. This is a good thing- it means that you're learning to beat the SAT at its own game! This is why practice is particularly important for this section of the test and can lead to abig score improvement. If you're used to the kinds of questions that you will see over and over, you willimmediately recognize the kind of question you are being presented with. For effective studying, you should work withreal question from past SAT tests.You can find somehere. When you start to notice patterns,write them down.For example, when a question makes a point of mentioning time, it's most likely going to be averb tense question. You will start to notice a lot of patterns like this that will alert you to what kind of question you are getting. This will help you immediately spotwhat the SAT is asking forand will make the questionseasier to answer. Now that you know this, you can... Use the Test to Create Your Strategy Now that you know the SAT writing sectionis going to be very predictable and follow a certain pattern, you can use this fact to your advantage.Create a plan that you can use to attack each question type. Try using the following steps when working on this section of the test: 1. When you read the sentences and answer choices, alwayseliminate any obvious grammar errors first. 2. Next, eliminate any answers that are structurally identical. They can't both be correct, and therefore neither one is correct. 3. Take a closer look at the question, and see if you can find any of themost common errors that the SAT Writing tests.For example, check that subjects and verbs agree, that pronouns have an obvious antecedent that they match in number, that the verb tense is correct, that there are no run-ons, and that parallel structure is used correctly. Going through this list of potential issues will allow you to answerthe vast majority of the questions. 4. If you are still stuck between a few answer choices that both seem grammatically correct,always choose the most concise answer, with the fewest gerunds and extra words. You May Now Dominate the Test Understanding how the test works puts you in a position of power. Get excited - you know the secrets now! Instead of feeling helpless oruncertain about SAT Writing questions, you can confidently attack them, confidentthat you already know everything they're going to ask you. Keep calm and test on. Nerves contribute to careless errors. Because you now know what to expect, you have nothing to fear! What’s next? Now you know what to look for, so go out and conquer the grammar concepts you need to learn. If you want to test yourself, try out some of the most difficult questions you will find on SAT Writing. Aiming for a top score? Read8 key strategies to improve your score, and check out thesetop tips from a perfect scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. 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Reader-profile questionnaire - Emphasis

Reader-profile questionnaire Reader-profile questionnaire That business writing should be centred on the readers needs is not exactly earth-shattering news. But putting this maxim into practice is a different matter altogether. Reader-centred writing If youre like most people, youre much more likely to be focused on your own needs such as impressing your manager or getting the task of writing the email or report off your to-do list than on those of your audience. So you need to take definitive action to switch yourself out of this default position. Nor is it enough to identify the areas of the subject that are going to be most useful to the reader(s). You also need to gauge their likely level of interest. And, of course, if they have very little interest in the subject, you will need to work extra hard to grab and keep their attention. You can find out more about grabbing and keeping attention on our courses. But for now, you can download our free reader-profile questionnaire to help you focus on the needs of your audience.

Profile of Offshore Financial Center - Bahamas Term Paper

Profile of Offshore Financial Center - Bahamas - Term Paper Example Particularly for the offshore company, it requires to perform several checks and researches into the preferred offshore financial center to ensure that investing in that market can guarantee fruitful financial returns (Zorome, 2007). It is against this background that periodic environmental assessment analyses are performed for various offshore financial centres to test their financial viability for specific offshore companies and offshore countries. In the current paper, the spotlight is put on Bahamas as an offshore financial center to critically understudy the viability of that financial market as a preferred entity to use to raise capital Intel Corporation prior to doing an initial public offer. The profiling of Bahamas as a viable offshore financial center is done along six major parameters as outlined below. Secrecy and Views In the financial market, such as the offshore financial center, issues of secrecy and views are very important for the determination of financial transpar ency of a given center. It is for this reason that the need to study the secrecy and views that prevails on the Bahamian offshore market, such as financial secrecy is very important for making decision on the selection of the country as an entity for raising capital for an initial public offer. Nyangosi, Arora and Sing (2009) has explained that situations of financial secrecy exists when financial institutions refuse to disclose crucial financial information to the appropriate authorities for tax decision making and other criminal law enforcement policies. In effect, a higher scoring on financial secrecy index is a negative indication for satisfactory financial transparency. Meanwhile according to the Tax Justice Network (2011), the scoring for Bahamas in financial transparency is 83%, indicating an unacceptable level of secrecy and suppression of views. From the graph below, it will be noted that from a 15 financial secrecy indicator, Bahamas scored negative marks for most of the i ndicators. Source: Tax Justice Network (2011) For investors wanting to choose Bahamas as a preferred entity to use to raise capital for Intel Corporation prior to doing an IPO, the risk of not knowing the legitimate financial values and figures for most indicators that will be necessary for taking stock market decisions prevails (Breiman et al, 2009). Having stated the above however, it is important to stress the point that new policies and reforms have started emerging in Bahamas that make incumbent upon the country to have a free economy and exchange information as specified in Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) guidelines (Riyadh, Akter and Islam, 2009). Proximity to US Proximity has always been said to be an important factor in the determination of an offshore financial center destination for raising capital for Intel Corporation ahead of an initial public offer. This is because most offshore companies that operate in offshore financial centers do so b y operating parent companies that govern and run the key organizational

Apple's Suicide Factory Outsourcing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Apple's Suicide Factory Outsourcing - Case Study Example Apple Inc. has a widespread global distribution network terminals in every continent. Company’s products are sold through online stores, retail stores, direct sales force, and dealers. There are three hundred and thirty two Apple Inc. stores in the United States of America, United Kingdom, France, Australia, Canada, China, Japan, Italy, Germany, The Netherlands, Switzerland, and Spain. The supply chain management at Apple Inc Supply chain management involves setting up of objectives, designing and implementing strategies to achieve the objectives as well as monitoring and evaluating all the processes and activities. The activities in the supply chain including but not limited to material sourcing and procurement, conversion of raw materials, the collaboration between the company and channel partners; transportation of raw materials from producers to factory and transportation of finished products from the factory to the consumers. An effective supply chain achieves high sales and profits. Apple Inc. is the company to reckon. This is because it has the most reliable and profitable supply chain. The supply chain meets customers’ needs on time. Furthermore, in its manufacturing process, it delays competitors’ products from reaching the market. Goldman (2011) revealed that competitors of the company are being delayed from manufacturing their products because Apple Inc. contracted the world largest suppliers, who give Apple Inc. products a priority. This makes the company confident in its supply. The type of Apple’s Inc. supply chain is the dominant company. The company practice vertical integration in its manufacturing process, which enables the company to outsource several of its components. However, the company controls the software, hardware, and processors. Apple Inc. uses its large size and vast resources to obtain deals with component producers and makes sure that the company’s component is made available to the company at a ll times. Furthermore, in its supply chain, Apple Inc. sells few products. However, it sells many other common parts to all its gadgets. This makes Apple Inc. supply chain the most perfected. In Singapore, Samsung makes central processing units, video processing chips while Infineon makes baseband communication gadgets. In Taiwan, there are six companies. Foxconn International manufactures internal circuitry; Primax Electronics makes digital camera modules; Omicron Technology produces printed circuit boards; Entry Industrial makes connectors; Cambridge Silicon makes Bluetooth chipsets, and Catcher Technology makes stainless metal casings. Figure 1: Apple’s Supply Chain Map Apple Supply Chain Singapore Taiwan the United States-China Source: Abilla (2007) In the United States of America, Broadcom produces touch screen controllers and Marvell manufactures 802.11 specific parts. Apple Shenzhen in China assembles all hardware, package the readymade and store products as they await dispatch to various global markets.

Perceive Social Effects of Handheld Gadgets Essay Example for Free

Perceive Social Effects of Handheld Gadgets Essay The Problem and Its Setting INTRODUCTION Gadgets are small mechanicals or electronic devices with a practical use. Electronic gadgets are very essential and useful to the world today. Gadgets are needed to do business, to have some regeneration and help people get through their daily lives. They have made life a lot simpler for businessmen, corporate executives and entrepreneurs as they can monitor their business and work while they are away, but according to a research conducted previously in America, infants and youngsters should not have any exposure to technology yet. According to Oxford English Dictionary the 11th Edition (2014) perceive is from a variant of Old French â€Å"Percoiver† and from Latin â€Å"Percipere† which is to understand. Effects of an event or something used are often tested through tests. As to this, the group will conduct a survey to test the social effects caused by gadgets to children, especially  to the students of Philippine School Doha. Background of the Study Today, there are many people who seek to find new uses for different things. Luckily, students are tasked by their respective Science teacher to conduct a research to seek new inventions and discoveries that might help the community. One of the main topics of the researchers is the essential use of gadgets and its perceive social effects to children. The students found a research regarding handheld gadgets and its uses and effects to human beings, especially to the young ones. The group decided to conduct a survey regarding the harmful effects of abusive use of handheld gadgets to selected students of their school. This research seeks for a change and answer to why gadgets have harmful effects and what are the effects especially to the young ones and their social life. Statement of the Problem This study aimed to prove the social effects of overuse of handheld gadgets. Specifically, this aimed to answer the following questions: 1) What are the harmful effects of handheld devices to human beings? 2) What are its advantages and disadvantages? 3) What will be the after effect of the research or survey to the students of Philippine School Doha?

Hippocrates, The Father Of Medicine :: essays research papers

Hippocrates, the Father of Medicine   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hippocrates, greatest physician of antiquity, is regarded as the father of medicine. Born on the island of Kos, Greece in the year 460 b.c., says the earliest biography written by Soranus of Ephesus in the a third century a.d. Although a native of Kos he was forced to leave the island as the result of a fire for which he was blamed. He traveled to many other islands to practice medicine. Most of the cases in the two books of Epidemics considered to be genuine are located at Thasos, a small island in the North Aegean Sea, and at Abdera, a town on the adjacent mainland; but there are also references to Cyzicus, on the south coast of the Sea of Marmara, and to Larisa and Meliboea in Thessaly. He died, according to tradition, in Larissa, Greece; little else is known about him. His name is associated wioth the Hippocratic Oath, though he probably is not the author of the document. In fact, of the approximately 70 works ascribed to him in the Hippocratic Collection, Hippocrates may actually have written about six of them. The Hippocratic Collection probably is the remnant of the medical library of the famous Kos school of medicine. His teachings, sense of detachment, and ability to make direct, clinical observations probably influenced the other authors of these works and had much to do with freeing ancient medicine from superstition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Among the more significant works of the Hippocratic Collection is Airs, Waters, and Places, which, instead of ascribing diseases to divine origin, disusses their environmental causes. It proposes that considerations such as a town's weather drinking water, and site along the paths of favorable winds can help a physician ascertain the general health of citizens. Three other works- Prognostic, Coan Prognosis, and Aphorisms -advanced the then- revbolutionary idea that, by observing enough cases, a physician can predict the course of a disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea of preventative medicine, first concieved in Regimen and Regimen in Acute Diseases, sterss not only diet but also the patient's general

Motivation and Control: The Police Supervisor’s Dilemma

Is there a relationship between the amounts of control desired in a police organization and the ability of police officials to create a motivating environment among rank-and-file officers? If so, how is balance arrived at between these two apparently opposite concerns in police organizations? I believe that the relationship between the control which is desired and the ability to create a motivating environment. It is not a clear cut relationship and it can cause problems within the organization and for the employees. The problem with this relationship is that while the people in charge of the organization want a specified amount of control, they cannot accomplish this without some repercussions. The difficulty lies within how to gain this control without completely alienating every employee who works within the organization. The important part of the relationship is to compromise and understand that the officers have needs which must be addressed. An example of how important that these two needs are met shows in Maslow's Needs Theory. (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). Maslow asserts that the officers have the â€Å"need to feel safe in their environment and free from and threat of attack by aggressors. † (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). The relevance of this to the relationship in question is with Captain Frebe's new strategy to micromanage the officers. This also forces the hands of the sergeants' to take the lead as the overseer's of the micromanagement. The officers and sergeants believe that they are being attacked by an aggressive force, and therefore, their lower needs are not being met. This causes the higher needs to decrease. A balance will not be found with the current strategy that Frebe is using. It makes the officers believe that they cannot be trusted to do their jobs. While there were a number of officers who were not doing their jobs, the changes impacted those who were doing their jobs. The system is too complex. Instead of fixing the situation, it only made it worse. The employees believed that they were unable to do their jobs because they were being micromanaged. The sergeants were angry because the fact that they were being pulled away from their duties to watch the officers and write reports about the officers performance. This was a noble idea, but it was demanding an excessive solution for the situation. If Frebe had requested that the reports were written on a less frequent basis it may have been easier to deal with. For instance a compromise could have been reached if Frebe had solicited feedback before the situation became out of hand. It would have been helpful if Frebe asked the Sergeants and the officers for their input to solve this problem. How could have Captain Frebe instituted the mechanisms for officer accountability without alienating officers? What role do officers have in creating a motivating environment within police organizations? Captain Frebe‘s first mistake was to not ask for advice or for input before implementing such strict changes. The mandatory odometer readings and the quotas for tickets seemed to be an excessive change to implement. There were some officers who were not doing their jobs, but most of the officers were doing a good job. There were other methods that should have been researched before this was implemented. One method could have been the use of the reflection of their â€Å"work performance in their pay raises. With this technique the â€Å"low ratings will hit him in the wallet† (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). Many people are motivated by money, and for those who choose not to do their job up to standard would be paid accordingly. The other option would be to use positive feedback for a job well done. The use of positive feedback can bring and officer a† personal sen se of accomplishment (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). Officers are either going to be motivated or not motivated. â€Å"There is no such thing as motivation† (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). A saying that comes to mind is â€Å"I can not motivate my guys, the only thing I can do is provide them the opportunities and the environment to become motivated. † While it is not only up to the officers to be motivated, they must have others around them who encourage them in their endeavors, and appreciate the hard work that they do. The main concern is that the needs are being met of the officers, and of the organization. There is a dire need of safety and security within the environment of the policing organization. With the dangerousness of the job, officers should at least have the guarantee that while they are in the station and out doing their job that they can do it in the safest manner possible. With the added stress of monitoring so many aspects such as odometer readings and quotas, it could cause any good officer to become seriously stressed out. The officers may also take part in groups such as â€Å"Quality Circle groups† (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). These are groups which enrich the officers and their work experience. It is an organization that promotes the â€Å"well being of the workers. These are beneficial groups who meet on a regular basis with non management members to â€Å"identify, analyze, and recommend solutions to problems within the agency. † These types of groups can make the employees feel that they have a safe haven within their reach to address concerns. Is it true that you really cannot motivate persons in organizations? If this statement i s true, then is there any role for administrators and managers in the motivation of their employees? Are there unique concerns that face police supervisors that make motivation of employees difficult? If so, what are they, and how would you address them? According to the text, there is â€Å"no such thing as a motivation. † (Stojkovic, Kalinich, and Klofas, 2003). I do believe that people who are motivated are that way because they want to do their best, this is regardless of the circumstances. It would take a great deal to cause a self motivated person to become a quitter, there is room for managers and administrators within the organizations. However the managers and administrators are not there to motivate, they are there to make money, sell a product, or maintain the organization. It does not mean that they aren't concerned with the employees but the bottom line of getting the job done seems to be the priority. There are definitely concerns within the responsibilities of a police supervisor. They are ever-changing, with time, and with the type of employees. By this I mean that the supervisors may work better with some employees than others. However, in this type of position there cannot be favoritism, you must work and deal with everyone, regardless of whether or not you cannot stand them. The trick is how you approach the situation, hence, the employee. If you remain objective and fair, by removing yourself from a personal relationship with the subordinates it will be easier to see them on an equal level. I think that the biggest issue overall is getting your employees to do what you want without firing everyone and starting over! This is a huge obstacle. I have heard many times of organizations doing what is sometimes referred to as â€Å"cleaning house. † I believe that this should be a last resort tactic. I personally like to believe that most people want to do what is right, and given the right opportunity and environment they can learn how. I personally hate micromanagers, and I would most likely never use this tactic. I figure that if I have to micromanage an employee that they are causing problems, they do not know their job, or do not care about their job. The first option would be to offer the employee more training, not more of my micromanaging services. There is always the possibility that the employee is unsure about a procedure and needs extra help. I would try several techniques before I gave up. There are many ways that a situation like this could be addressed. I would pull the employee into a meeting so that he or she could discuss the issues, and possible solutions. I would do everything on my end to make sure that I addressed all the issues. I do not believe that people should be given up on. I know that there are many other situations a person in this position could be faced with. However, my solution would be to analyze the situation, ask questions, offer help or fins assistance, and take it from there. I believe that people should be treated as people, not just another number.

“Alien World” Essay

Zaitchik is a freelance journalist who is affiliated with Poverty Law, a U.S. organization that supports ethnic and racial tolerance. Zaitchik’s article attempts to convey the idea that Mexico’s economy is forcing people to take desperate measures in order to survive. He uses his experience with a border crossing simulation as a way to lure the reader into the article. Zaitchik then proceeds to use statistical evidence to enlighten the reader about Mexico’s economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik travelled to Mexico to learn about and participate in the border crossing simulation. He effectively uses his experience with the border crossing simulation, its participants, the Otomi people and his knowledge of the Mexican economy to effectively present his argument. Zaitchik’s personal experience and knowledge of the Otomi’s plight supplement his argument. He provides a series of facts and anecdotal evidence to show the emergence of a border crossing simulation in Mezquital Valley as a prelude to a bigger problem, Mexico’s economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik states that the Otomi, the indigenous people of Mezquital Valley, lost 90% of their working class to migrant workers (258). Many of the Otomi migrant workers make the trip north to work seasonally, but many are unable or unwilling to return (259). The author’s use of these facts establishes that the Otomi were left with a population that would not be able to sustain their local culture or the community’s economy. This forced the remaining population to tap into a new form of ecotourism by starting the border crossing simulation. Zaitchik’s simulation shows how illegal immigrants face a great number of challenges as they attempt to enter through a foreign country’s borders. Each participant has paid $125 for two days camping and a midnight â€Å"border crossing† experience in central Mexico. The staged run, 700 miles from the actual U.S. border, covers a bruising adventure course that winds through the valley of Alberto Eco Park. Zaitchik says, â€Å"It all adds up to the world’s most elaborating simulation of the Mexican migrant experience† (259). His knowledge of the border crossing  simulation reinforces how the Otomi were forced to adapt or face extinction. One of those who left and returned is Laura Basuado a fresh faced- 27- year- old park employee who crossed the border when she was 17. She states, â€Å"The night walk is not even 1 percent of what it’s really like.† Her own journey to the U.S. involved a four-day walk through the sonoran desert. This comparison serves to further clarify that there is a gap between the middle class and the poor, emphasizing that the participants do not see this experience as an act of unifying the Mexican people. After luring the reader with the Otomi’s plight and experience on the simulation, Zaitchik’s asserts that the Mexican government tolerates and even encourages the trip up north. He gives the following as the reason, â€Å"Mexicans living in the U.S. send more than $25 billion dollars in annual remittances to their relatives south of the border† (262). $25 billion dollars is a substation amount of money for any government to give up willingly without having a means of replacing the income. The cotton industry in West Texas fears that there will be a struggle in finding field workers if the border is closed. Other regions of the country that depend on agricultural workers to pick their product in time for the market would also be affected. (O’Donnell 26). It has been proven that it is extremely important for the agriculture business to have enough migrant workers to work the fields and in turn provide an economic impact to the region. Agriculture’s need for Mexican workers is very large, but it is also a seasonal job which sometimes will cause the migrant worker to move from the West Coast to Texas, or other agricultural states. This kind of migration is seen less and less since some states have been enforcing or enacting their own immigration laws which prevent most illegal immigrants from going and providing an econo mic impact to the region. Ask any struggling Mexican if U.S. plans for a high-tech border fence will stop the flow, and he will tell you the idea is fanciful, that you cannot deter the desperate. â€Å"If you build a wall, they will build taller ladders and dig deeper tunnels,† says Del Plan. â€Å"If the entire border becomes clogged with armed guards, they will take boats, as the Cubans and Haitians do.† Indeed, this shift is already happening (262). As you can see O’Donnell and Zaitchik agree that the agriculture businesses require the migrant workers, and that increased border security will not deter illegal immigration. According to the Pew Research Hispanic Center, (Young) there is no net zero migration  from Mexico to the U.S. for the first time in decades. Increased border patrol, stricter laws in the U.S., rising smuggling fees, violence in the desert and the struggling U.S. economy are keeping more Mexicans at home and even have some people returning to Mexico from the U.S. Th erefore, â€Å"The media sees we are trying to build understanding and create jobs, and they support us says, Eduardo Del Plan, a park employee who scripts much of the simulation based on his own multiple trips across the border†. Therefore, Zaitchik states â€Å"that we have become an example of an indigenous community standing on its own feet, trying to stop the bleeding to the north† (262). (Maribel Garcia from HERE AND NOW) says it’s difficult to show how effective the night walks are for our visitors, but as the parks tourist offerings are expanding, and the number of visitors slowly growing, she says that the walks will generate enough income to encourage more of the community’s residents to stay put. However,† Bausado eventually found her way to Minnesota, where she stayed four months before deciding she’d rather be poor and jobless in Mexico than poor and marginally employed in the U.S., living in constant dread of arrest or deportation† (260). Zaitchik’s article attempts to convey the idea that Mexico’s economy is forcing people to take desperate measures in order to survive. He uses his experience with a border crossing simulation as a way to draw the reader into the article. Zaitchik then proceeds to use statistical evidence to enlighten the reader about Mexico’s economic dependency on migrant workers. Overall Zaitchik experienced a memorable border crossing adventure. Work Cited From http;//www.usatoday.com. Hanson,H.G. and Council on Foreign Affairs. â€Å"The economic logic of illegal immigration.† USA: Council on Foreign Relations, 2007. From http;//hereandnow.wbur.org fake-border-crossing Here & Now with Robin Young and Irina Zhorov