Free Essays on Civilizations

Development The term â€Å"civilization† implies a propelled condition of scholarly, social and material advancement in human culture, set apart by progress in expressions of the human experience and sciences, the broad utilization of record-continuing, including composing and the presence of complex political and social foundations. The accompanying components make up a human advancement: Urban areas - Man gets settled. Urban communities and towns are assembled, increased and thickly involved dwelling territories are gotten to by winding boulevards and water system frameworks are created to develop the land and develop food. There is a general improvement in the way of life so man remains at home more. Specialization of Labor †Overpopulation urges man to discover new food sources, subsequently, he turns into a food maker. This brings forth the Agricultural Revolution. Likewise, the training of creatures is known as the Pastoral Revolution. A few people are ranchers yet a huge part of the populace could now become non-agriculturists and become masters in different jobs. Weaving, stoneware making, metal-work, exchange and development are a couple of instances of specializations of work. Composing - Not just is a typical language being shared, token and ball frameworks are supplanted by level tablets which have wanted data recorded on it by method of fitting images composed with sticks. This type of composing was supplanted by utilizing a sturdy reed pointer known as Cuneiform. In any case, it was difficult to draw pictures with these reeds so images were created for each vowel-consonant mix, known as Phonetic images. Without composing, it is difficult to record history. Composed Government †Priests remained at the highest point of these exceptionally religious social orders. Sorted out fighting between itinerant individuals and settled individuals initiates because of Nomadic individuals longing to have what settled individuals have accomplished. Presently improvement of armed forces and civilian army are required to maintain control. M... Free Essays on Civilizations Free Essays on Civilizations Human advancement The term â€Å"civilization† implies a propelled condition of scholarly, social and material advancement in human culture, set apart by progress in expressions of the human experience and sciences, the broad utilization of record-continuing, including composing and the presence of complex political and social organizations. The accompanying components make up a progress: Urban communities - Man gets settled. Urban areas and towns are manufactured, expanded and thickly involved dwelling territories are gotten to by winding lanes and water system frameworks are created to develop the land and develop food. There is a general improvement in the way of life so man remains at home more. Specialization of Labor †Overpopulation urges man to discover new food sources, henceforth, he turns into a food maker. This brings forth the Agricultural Revolution. Likewise, the taming of creatures is known as the Pastoral Revolution. A few people are ranchers yet a noteworthy segment of the populace could now become non-agriculturists and become masters in different livelihoods. Weaving, stoneware making, metal-work, exchange and development are a couple of instances of specializations of work. Composing - Not just is a typical language being shared, token and ball frameworks are supplanted by level tablets which have wanted data recorded on it by method of fitting images composed with sticks. This type of composing was supplanted by utilizing a solid reed pointer known as Cuneiform. Be that as it may, it was difficult to draw pictures with these reeds so images were designed for each vowel-consonant mix, known as Phonetic images. Without composing, it is difficult to record history. Composed Government †Priests remained at the highest point of these exceptionally religious social orders. Sorted out fighting between roaming individuals and settled individuals initiates because of Nomadic individuals longing to have what settled individuals have accomplished. Presently improvement of armed forces and local army are required to maintain control. M...

Contract Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Agreement Law Assignment - Essay Example The above components from are clarified beneath. Offer and Acceptance. At the point when one gathering proposes something to another, he is said to make an offer. In the event that the gathering consents to the proposition with no adjustment in it, he is considered to have made the acknowledgment of that offer. Therefore, when the offer is acknowledged in an identical representation condition, an agreement is said to have been shaped dependent upon different conditions. This perfect representation rule is important to guarantee that there is an agreement of the topic among the gatherings i.e meeting of the psyches between them. As it were, the acceptor has seen plainly what the offeror has implied. This is a target test in English law to decide presence of an agreement. An offer is constantly mistaken for an encouragement to treat. Ads and shows in shops are the models. They are not offers however greeting to treat. An acknowledgment must be unfit and compare to what the offeror impl ies to pass on. A certified acknowledgment turns into an offer and it is for the first offeree to acknowledge or not, any adjustment in the condition. In the event that the certified acknowledgment is acknowledged, the first offeror turns into the offeree and the certified acceptor turns into the offeror. ... Also, not at the hour of receipt of the letter by the offeror. In the event that the letter is tended to inaccurately or posted inappropriately, postal standard won't have any significant bearing. Agreements can likewise be finished up by fax and the Internet (Salzedo, Brunner and Ottley 2004). In Hyde v Wrench (1840) it was concluded that a counter offer added up to dismissal of the first offer and accordingly, resulting acknowledgment of the first offer didn't tie the offeree. For this situation, the offended party made a counter proposal of ? 950 against the proposal of ? 1,000 by the litigant to sell his homestead. On refusal of the counter offer, the offended party acknowledged the first proposal of ? 1,000 which the litigant didn't consent to. In this manner, the offended party brought a suit for explicit execution. It relies upon the wording of the offer and answer by the offeree. In some cases the offeree may imply to make some enquiry regarding the offer made including some counter cost when time breaking point to acknowledge the offer has not finished (Oughton and Davis, 2000). In such cases, it can't be taken as counter-offer or dismissal of the proposal as held in Stevenson, Jacques and Co v McLean (1880). In Carlil v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (1893), the litigants publicized contribution an award to any individual who contracted flu disregarding utilizing their smoke ball intended to fix the sickness. It was held that the promotion was an open offer or one-sided to the entire world and thus, any one depending on the offer, purchased the item was qualified for the prize if the item guarantee fizzled. The defendant’s conflict that it was a unimportant greeting to treat was dismissed. Be that as it may, in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd (1953), it was

Ativan Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, and Treatment

Ativan Withdrawal Symptoms, Timeline, and Treatment Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Print How Long Does Withdrawal From Ativan Last? By Corinne O’Keefe Osborn linkedin Corinne Osborn is an award-winning health and wellness journalist with a background in substance abuse, sexual health, and psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Corinne O’Keefe Osborn Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 26, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD on November 26, 2019 More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Methods and Support Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Ativan (lorazepam) is a brand name prescription drug used to treat anxiety disorders, seizures, and insomnia. It is among the country’s most frequently prescribed medications. Ativan belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Benzos, as they are often called, are central nervous system depressants that have a sedating and relaxing effect. Unfortunately, tolerance and dependence are not uncommon. Verywell / Emily Roberts     Overview From 1996 to 2013, the number of people filling benzo prescriptions increased by 67 percent, going from 8 to 13.5 million. In 2011, doctors wrote more than 27 million prescriptions for lorazepam (Ativan) alone. Estimates suggest that as of 2016, half a million people in the United States were misusing sedatives like Ativan. Unfortunately, Ativan withdrawal doesn’t only affect people who have been misusing the drug, but their family members and loved ones as well. If you’ve been using Ativan daily for more than a few weeks, you can expect some withdrawal symptoms.    Ativan withdrawal is a challenging, uncomfortable experience. Many people take Ativan regularly for years without realizing quite how dependent they have become. You may know the feeling of wanting to take an Ativan when you don’t have one, or of waiting too long in between doses, but withdrawal is a whole different beast. Signs and Symptoms Benzos like Ativan were originally intended for short-term use, but long-term use for anxiety and insomnia has become commonplace. Taking Ativan for as little as three to six weeks, even at therapeutic doses, can cause physical dependence and mild withdrawal symptoms. Around 40 percent of people on benzos for more than six months will have moderate to severe withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking it abruptly. The other 60 percent will have mild symptoms. The severity of withdrawal symptoms is also associated with your current dose. If you are on a high dose of Ativan or if you mix Ativan with other benzos, your withdrawal symptoms may be more severe. When your daily dose of Ativan is suddenly stopped or significantly reduced, withdrawal symptoms can appear in as little as eight to 12 hours. You can expect to feel extremely anxious and irritable for several weeks. The anxiety you feel during Ativan withdrawal will probably be worse than the level of anxiety you were experiencing before you started taking it. Insomnia can compound the effects of anxiety and it can feel like your sleep patterns will never return to normal. Many people experience bad headaches, hand tremors, and muscle aches. You may find it hard to concentrate or have problems with your memory. In severe cases of high-dose withdrawal, some people experience hallucinations, delirium, and grand mal seizures.     Further potential symptoms include: AnxietyInsomniaIrritabilityRestlessnessHand tremorsMuscle spasmsHeadacheSweatingRacing pulseHyperventilationNausea or vomitingAches and painsPanic attacksHypersensitivity to stimuli like light and touchAbnormal bodily sensations (skin-crawling, goosebumps)DepressionProblems with concentration and memoryVisual disturbances (flashes of light or blurred vision)Auditory, tactile, or visual hallucinationsFeelings of unrealityDeliriumGrand mal seizures Some studies describe acute lorazepam withdrawal is at its worst on the second day and improves by the fourth or fifth day.  Other researchers, including the World Health Organization (WHO), have found that acute symptoms last longer, typically between one and four weeks.  It has been estimated that anywhere from 10 to 25 percent of long-term benzo users experience what’s known as protracted withdrawal. Protracted withdrawal involves milder symptoms that come and go for several months. It’s definitely not easy, but it typically resolves on its own within one year.   Coping Relief The best way to deal with benzo withdrawal is to abandon any attempt to quit cold turkey or all at once. Quitting Ativan takes time and planning. You can avoid the worst of Ativan withdrawal by working with your doctor to taper down your dose. Tapering involves taking progressively smaller doses of Ativan over a period of several weeks or months. Before your tapering begins, your doctor may switch you from Ativan to a longer-acting benzo such as diazepam. A long-acting drug helps stabilize you and make your taper smoother. There is no single tapering schedule that works best for everyone. The higher your dose, the more significant your first dose reduction will be. Once you are stabilized on a lower dose of diazepam, your doctor will reduce your dose by roughly 10 to 20 percent every week. Your doctor may prescribe small amounts of the medication at a time, to prevent you from taking more than you should. If you have been using Ativan for longer than six months, tapering is the only safe way to stop taking the drug. While tapering will reduce your withdrawal symptoms, it won’t get rid of them entirely. You may have symptoms each time your dose is reduced. To help you cope with these symptoms, consider the following options: Cognitive behavioral therapyMeditationMindfulnessExercise Warnings Quitting Ativan cold turkey can be dangerous. People quitting benzos abruptly may experience a life-threatening grand mal seizure. Without a taper, quitting Ativan can also potentially cause delirium, another dangerous condition that can cause people to become acutely confused along with other symptoms. While it may feel to you like Ativan is not a very serious drug, especially if you only take it as directed, it has powerful effects on your brain. Some drugs, even serious illicit ones like cocaine, are safe to quit on your own. Benzos are not. However, most people don’t need to undergo inpatient detox. Consulting your primary care doctor or psychiatrist on an outpatient level should be sufficient. Your doctor can monitor your tapering progress through frequent visits and phone calls. If you have a history of complicated withdrawal, seizures, or severe mental illness, you may be better off in an inpatient setting. This can involve living at a detox or rehab facility for several weeks, where you can be monitored for complications. Psychiatric Symptoms Ativan withdrawal can coincide with the reemergence of psychiatric symptoms that may have been dormant while you were using the drug. This can include severe anxiety, PTSD symptoms, OCD symptoms, and depression. Inpatient treatment may be required is severe symptoms emerge. Talk to your psychiatrist or psychologist about helping you work with your insurance company to get treatment. If you are uninsured, there are inpatient facilities that still may be an option. The decision about whether to continue using Ativan during pregnancy is one that each woman has to consider with the help of her doctor. If you are pregnant, talk to your psychiatrist or OBGYN about the risks of continuing the drug and the risks of quitting while pregnant. There are no hard-and-fast rules about which is better for the mother or baby. If you do want to quit while pregnant, a medically supervised taper is the only safe way to do it. Long-Term Treatment Ativan withdrawal can feel long and arduous because it tends to come and go during the course of your taper. Some people finish tapering their dose within three to four weeks, but others may stretch their taper out for as long as 12 months. Longer tapers are not associated with better outcomes, but they may be more comfortable for some people.  It is very important to complete your taper without reversing direction. An Ativan taper should move continuously forward with decreasing doses. If withdrawal symptoms arise during the taper, the taper can be paused to allow the body time to adjust, but the dose should not be increased. For those who have been abusing Ativan, tapering alone may not be enough to maintain abstinence. Cognitive behavioral and other psychotherapies can help you understand why you feel the need to use or abuse Ativan and can help you make healthier decisions. If total abstinence is causing psychological distress, some people may aim for a reduced dose. Tapering toward a reduced dose can help reset your tolerance level and help you avoid the negative side effects of high doses. Resources If you are interested in stopping or reducing your Ativan dose, start by talking with your prescribing doctor. Primary care doctors and psychiatrists are both excellent resources. To make your dose taper easier on yourself, plan to work with a doctor who is conveniently located and easily accessible. You may need to make a number of office visits. To find a psychiatrist or psychologist who specializes in addiction treatment, you can use this searchable directory from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). You can also call SAMHSA’s national helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357) to find a provider in your area.  A Word From Verywell It’s easy for Ativan use to get away from you. Maybe your dose has crept up over the years and you’re having trouble concentrating and remembering things. Maybe you’ve only been using for a few months, but you’re worried that it’s becoming an emotional crutch. Maybe you don’t remember what it’s like to sleep without it. Whatever your reason for quitting Ativan, focus on it as much as you can. Withdrawal can be hard, but everything worth doing is. You’ll thank yourself in the end. Recognizing Addiction